judgmental views of “others” on the part of Christians. We see this clearly in 4:17–19, which says that the gentiles “live, in the futility of their minds. They are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of their ignorance and hardness of heart.” Not only does this kind of talk belittle people outside of the church, but it also suggests that apart from Christ all people are incapable of being moral and loving. We should not be surprised, then, to hear that many Christians